Sunday, February 18, 2024

Via Dhamma Wheel | Right Mindfulness and Concentration: Establishing Mindfulness of Mental Objects and the Fourth Jhāna

 


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RIGHT MINDFULNESS
Establishing Mindfulness of Mental Objects
A person goes to the forest or to the root of a tree or to an empty place and sits down. Having crossed the legs, one sets the body erect. One establishes the presence of mindfulness. (MN 10) One is aware: "Ardent, fully aware, mindful, I am content." (SN 47.10)
 
When sluggishness is internally present, one is aware: "Sluggishness is present for me." When sluggishness is not present, one is aware: "Sluggishness is not present for me." When the arising of unarisen sluggishness occurs—one  is aware of that. And when the abandoning of arisen sluggishness occurs—one is aware of that . . . One is just aware, just mindful: "There is a mental object." And one abides not clinging to anything in the world. (MN 10)
Reflection
Formal practice involves sitting down deliberately for a stretch of time and committing to being aware of all that unfolds in your experience. At its best this is an enterprise of great contentment, even though it requires effort to maintain an ardent and wakeful mind. Even if all you are noticing is that your mind is getting sluggish and you need to generate some energy, it is valuable that you can see that.

Daily Practice
As we practice becoming aware of the five hindrances in succession, we come to working with sluggishness. Like all the other hindrances, this is just a mental state that is inherently impermanent and that comes and goes under different conditions. When you notice a lethargy of mind, just be aware of it. This is just what is happening now. But notice also that it goes away and that you can help it go away by abandoning it.


RIGHT CONCENTRATION
Approaching and Abiding in the Fourth Phase of Absorption (4th Jhāna)
With the abandoning of pleasure and pain, and with the previous disappearance of joy and grief, one enters upon and abides in the fourth phase of absorption, which has neither-pain-nor-pleasure and purity of mindfulness due to equanimity. The concentrated mind is thus purified, bright, unblemished, rid of imperfection, malleable, wieldy, steady, and attained to imperturbability. (MN 4)
Reflection
Equanimity is the attitude and emotional state that is truly transformative. Being able to be entirely neutral while at the same time being fully aware is a special state of mind to be cherished. Neutral is sometimes regarded as a negative word, suggesting disinterest or detachment, but that is not at all how it is used in the Buddhist tradition. Rather it is the pinnacle of the developed mind, the state to which the jhāna practice delivers us.

Daily Practice
See if you can work with these descriptions of the mind as a living practice. Can you feel what it is like for the mind to be "bright"? Can you relate to how the texts are using words like "unblemished" and "rid of imperfection" not to judge the mind harshly but to appreciate its capacity for luminosity? Can you sit tranquilly in equanimity and feel the mind as "malleable"and "wieldy," imperturbable in the face of any experience?


Tomorrow: Understanding the Noble Truth of Suffering
One week from today: Establishing Mindfulness of Body and Abiding in the First Jhāna


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Via White Crane Institute \\ CHARLOTTE CUSHMAN

 This Day in Gay History

February 18

Born
The Bethesda Fountain
1816 -

CHARLOTTE CUSHMAN (b: 1816) was an American stage actress considered to be the greatest of her time; she died on this date. Her voice was noted for its full contralto register; she played both male and female parts. She lived intermittently in Rome, in an expatriate colony of prominent artists and sculptors, some of whom became part of her tempestuous private life.

She was a descendant in the eighth generation from Pilgrim Robert Cushman, who helped organize the Mayflower voyage and brought the family name to the United States on the Fortune in 1621. Robert Cushman was a leader and a great advocate for emigration to America. He became a preacher in the colonies and was known for giving the first sermon in America. Charlotte's father, Elkanah, rose from poverty to be a successful West Indian merchant. Charlotte was a remarkably bright, sportive child, excelling over her schoolmates and developing a voice of remarkable compass and richness, with a full contralto register. Two friends of her father, one of them John Mackay, in whose piano factory Jonas Chickering was then foreman, provided her with musical instruction. Cushman was forced to take on serious responsibilities at a very young age. When she was thirteen, her father was beset by serious financial troubles and shortly thereafter died, leaving his family with nearly nothing. This caused Charlotte to seek some way to bring income to her family. Although she was an outstanding student and achieved much academically, she left school to pursue a career in the opera.

Cushman made her initial professional appearance at age eighteen in April 1835 at Boston's Tremont Theatre. She then went to New Orleans where she performed successfully for one season, after which she returned to New York City to act under contract with the Bowery Theatre. She scored rave reviews in Albany, New York for her portrayal of Lady Macbeth.

By 1839, her younger sister Susan Webb Cushman became an actress, and at the age of 14 had married Nelson Merriman. Her husband abandoned her when she was pregnant and Charlotte cared for her sister. The two sisters became famous for playing Romeo and Juliet together, with Charlotte playing Romeo and Susan playing Juliet. Her greatest fame was achieved in her portrayal of Romeo.

In 1843, Cushman became involved romantically with Rosalie Sully, daughter of artist Thomas Sully. By 1844, the romance had ended. She began traveling abroad, acting in theater, and Sully died shortly thereafter. She was also very close to the writer Anne Hampton Brewster around 1844 but social pressure from Brewster's brother meant that they had to part. Brewster reminisced about their idyllic time together in letters in 1849. She eventually left a portrait of Cushman by Thomas Sully as a bequest to the Library of Philadelphia.

In 1848, Cushman met journalist, writer and part-time actress Matilda Hays. The two women became close friends, and after a short amount of time and some correspondence, they became involved in an affair. For the next ten years the two would be together almost constantly. They became known for dressing alike, and in Europe were publicly known as a couple. In 1849, Cushman returned to the United States and by 1852 had decided to retire from the stage. She took up residence with Hays in Rome, Italy. They created an American expatriate community there, made up mostly of the many lesbian artists and sculptors of the time. Cushman used her notoriety to promote the works of African American/Native American sculptor Edmonia Lewis, who had become a close friend and whose work Cushman greatly admired.
 

In 1854, Hays left Cushman for sculptor Harriet Hosmer, which launched a series of jealous interactions among the three women. Hays eventually returned to live with Cushman, but the tensions between her and Cushman would never be repaired. By late 1857, Cushman was secretly involved with sculptor Emma Stebbens. One night while Cushman was writing a note, Hays walked in on her. Suspecting that the note was to Stebbins, Hays demanded to see it. Although Cushman maintained that the note was not to Stebbins, she refused to show it to Hays. The altercation that followed was explosive. Hays became enraged and began chasing Cushman around the house, pounding her with her fists at every opportunity. The relationship ended immediately and Hays moved out. She then sued Cushman, stating in her claim that she had sacrificed her own career to support Cushman's career and therefore was due a certain payment. Cushman paid her an unknown sum and the two women parted company forever.

OK....try to keep up with me now: Emma Stebbins moved in with Cushman shortly after the break-up. Cushman traveled to America for a short tour a couple of months later. Although Cushman maintained that she was devoted to Stebbins, she became involved with another woman not long after her relationship with Stebbins began. Cushman met an 18-year-old actress, Emma Crow, the daughter of Wayman Crow (one of the founders of Washington University), and fell for her. The two women began an affair, and Cushman often called her "my little lover".

In 1863 Stebbins would  be commissioned to create a fountain sculture for Central Park. Using Cushman as a model, her Angel of the Waters would be the earliest public artwork by a woman in New York City and the only sculpture sanctioned as part of the early design and construction phase of Central Park. It was cast in Munich and officially dedicated on May 31, 1873.

An unfinished portrait of Cushman by Thomas Sully that was kept by Anne Hampton Brewster. Before her departure to Italy, Cushman offered a farewell performance at the Washington Theater in the title role of Hamlet. The poster advertising her appearance describes her as "a lady universally acknowledged as the greatest living tragic actress". When Cushman returned to Italy, Crow followed. Not long after arriving in Italy, Crow attracted the attention of Cushman's nephew, Ned Cushman. In April 1861, Ned Cushman and Emma Crow married.
 
She was friends with artists, writers and politicians; when she came to Washington D.C. in the 1860s, she often stayed at the home of Secretary of State William Seward, with whom she was very close friends. In July 1861, Seward introduced her to President  Abraham Lincoln, who told her that Macbeth was his favorite Shakespearean play and that he hoped someday to see her in the role of Lady Macbeth. In 1863 she again returned to the United States, appearing on several occasions for the benefit of the Sanitay Commission. Lincoln spent hours in conversation with Cushman talking about Shakespeare, and saw her perform in Macbeth in October at Grover's Theatre with his family. Coincidentally, Charlotte was good friends with the Booth family, Junius Booth in particular, but was said to have not liked John Wilkes much.

During the last six years of her life Cushman developed a remarkable ability as a dramatic reader, giving scenes from Shakespeare, ballad poetry, dialect poems and humorous pieces with a success not less decided than her earlier dramatic triumphs. In 1871, after a residence in Europe, she resumed her career in the United States as a reader, besides fulfilling several dramatic engagements.

Her farewell appearance was announced at least seven times in as many different years. Her final performance in New York was at Booth's theatre, where she played the part of Lady Macbeth. She took a similar demonstrative farewell in the same character in Philadelphia and other cities and her career closed in Boston, at the Globe Theatre, in May 1875. After a reading tour to Rochester, Buffalo, and Syracuse, she retired with a large fortune to her villa at Newport, where she was seized with her final illness. In October she went to Boston and placed herself under medical treatment.

Charlotte Cushman died of pneumonia in her hotel room on the third floor at the Parker House Hotel in Boston in 1876, aged 59. Her passing was mourned internationally. She is interred in Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge. 

Lady Romeo, The Radical and Revolutionary Life of Charlotte Cushman, America’s First Celebrity by Tana Wojczuk is a fascinating biography that goes into great depth about her life. It's hard to imagine someone who achieved the heights Cushman did, simply fading into history.

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Gay Wisdom for Daily Living from White Crane Institute

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Via Ram Dass - Love Serve Remember Foundation \\ Words of Wisdom - February 18, 2024 💌

 

The basic transformation that occurs - and this is the big one - is that up until a certain moment, your self-definition involves your profession, your sex, your responsibilities, and your social/cultural roles. So if anybody says, "Who are you?" you say, "I'm a lawyer; I'm a father; I'm a husband..."

Once this process starts to evolve, you begin to realize that the only thing you are is a being evolving towards full consciousness, coming into the spirit. You can use whatever metaphor you want. An awakening being. And all the rest of it is the supportive cast. All the rest of it is the stuff through which this is going on.

- Ram Dass

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Via Daily Dharma: The Poisons of Anger and Fear

 

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The Poisons of Anger and Fear

When I forget my true nature I’m not able to see the humanity of others and I begin to meet anger with anger and fear with fear. When we’re not paying attention, these poisons can lead us to unhappiness and suffering. Just on the other side is this great possibility of liberation and freedom.

Leslie Booker, “Guidelines for an Ethical Life”


CLICK HERE TO READ THE FULL ARTICLE

On Wanting to Sound Good
By Satya Robyn
Writer, psychotherapist, and environmental activist Satya Robyn on how everything around us has the opportunity and the capacity to appear in the form of the Buddha, including our furry friends. 
Read more »

Via Dhamma Wheel | Right Effort: Maintaining Arisen Healthy States

 


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RIGHT EFFORT
Maintaining Arisen Healthy States
Whatever a person frequently thinks about and ponders, that will become the inclination of their mind. If one frequently thinks about and ponders healthy states, one has abandoned unhealthy states to cultivate healthy states, and then one’s mind inclines to healthy states. (MN 19)

Here a person rouses the will, makes an effort, stirs up energy, exerts the mind, and strives to maintain arisen healthy mental states. One maintains the arisen energy awakening factor. (MN 141)
Reflection
Although it is not acknowledged as much as it could be, much of what goes on in our mind is healthy and beneficial and is helping us along the path of clarification. There are a lot of good people in the world who care for one another, respect one another, and wish each other well. It is important to acknowledge and maintain these beneficial states, which is done by feeding them energy.

Daily Practice
Next time you are feeling good in an unselfish way, perhaps thinking well of and wishing the best for the people around you, see how long you can sustain the experience. Just as your mind is likely to wander in meditation despite your efforts to keep your attention on your breath, there are all sorts of ways the good will you are feeling might waver or diminish, but the practice here is to give it the energy it needs to keep unfolding. See how long you can keep  up thinking well of people.

Tomorrow: Establishing Mindfulness of Mental Objects and the Fourth Jhāna
One week from today: Restraining Unarisen Unhealthy States

Share your thoughts and join the conversation on social media
#DhammaWheel

Questions?
Visit the Dhamma Wheel orientation page.



Tricycle is a nonprofit and relies on your support to keep its wheels turning.

© 2024 Tricycle Foundation
89 5th Ave, New York, NY 10003