The famed British-American anthropologist COLIN TURNBULL was born on this date (d. 1994). Best known for this groundbreaking books The Forest People & The Mountain People,
Turnbull was also one of the first anthropologists to work in the field
of ethnomusicology an interest shared by Gay Rights pioneer, Harry Hay.
Turnbull was an
unconventional scholar who rejected neutrality. He idealized the BaMbuti
and reviled the Ik, and described the latter as lacking any sense of
altruism, in that they force their children out of their homes at the
age of three, and gorge on whatever occasional excesses of food they
might find until they became sick, rather than save or share.
However, several
anthropologists have since argued that a particularly serious famine
suffered by the Ik during the period of Turnbull's visit may have
distorted their normal behavior and customs, and some passages in his
book make it clear that the behavior and customs of the Ik during the
period he describes were drastically different from what was normal for
them before they were uprooted from their original way of life.
In the US, he
lived with his professional collaborator and partner of thirty years,
the African American Dr. Joseph Towles, as an openly gay, interracial
couple in one of the most conservative areas of the 1960s rural
Virginia.
During this time
he also took up the political cause of death row inmates. After his
partner's death in 1988, Turnbull, strongly affected, gave all his
belongings to the United Negro College Fund. In 1989, he moved to
Bloomington, Indiana to participate to the building of Tibetan Cultural
Center with his friend Thupten Jigme Norbu, elder brother of the 14th
Dalai-lama. In 1991 - 1992, he moved to Dharamsala, India where he took
the monks' vow of Tibetan Buddhism, given to him by the Dalai Lama. He
was then given a buddhist name.
He died in Virginia in 1994, aged 69. Both Towles and Turnbull died from complications of AIDS.
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