Tuesday, November 25, 2014

Via New Civil Rights: New Study Shows Homosexuality 'Is An Essential Part Of Human Evolution'

Researchers at England's University of Portsmouth believe they have found a scientific explanation for homosexuality and their theories could even provide support for same-sex marriage as being completely natural.
The scientists link the hormone progesterone, which is naturally-occurring in both men and women, to socialization and see it as a tool that "promotes bonding."
"The frequency of homoerotic behavior among individuals who do not identify as having an exclusively homosexual sexual orientation suggests that such behavior potentially has adaptive value," the researchers write.
LOOK: Large Study Finds 'Pretty Good Indication' Of Genetic Link To Homosexuality
And they seem to have found an evolutionary case that supports same-sex relationships and marriage, even finding them advantageous.
"From an evolutionary perspective we tend to think of sexual behaviour as a means to an end for reproduction," Diana Fleischman, the study's lead author, states. "However, because sexual behaviour is intimate and pleasurable, it is also used in many species, including non-human primates, to help form and maintain social bonds. We can all see this in romantic couples who bond by engaging in sexual behaviour even when reproduction is not possible."
That sex is scientifically found to be not solely designed for reproduction debunks religious extremists' claims that man-woman marriage is the only "natural" marriage.
"To test whether homosexual behaviour really does go hand in hand with a need to form close bonds with others of the same sex, they decided to compare sexual behaviour with the level of a certain hormone in the blood," City AM reports.
Progesterone is also known as a “social” hormone – it is produced mainly in the ovaries in women and in the adrenal glands in men, and encourages a person to engage with others in a positive way.
They asked a group of participants questions such as "The idea of kissing a person of the same sex is sexually arousing to me," and: "If someone of the same sex made a pass at me I would be disgusted”. They compared the answers to the level of progesterone in the blood.
The results, published in the journal Archives of Sexual Behaviour, show that the people with higher levels of the hormone are indeed more inclined to have homoerotic thoughts.
Heterosexual men and women, for example, were more open to the idea of engaging in homosexual behaviour when progesterone was high. Men also produced more of the hormone and felt more homosexual if they were reminded of a societal need to be friendly with other males.
Fleischman adds that "the research suggests that having exclusively heterosexual thoughts is a disadvantage – it’s better to be a little bit attracted to the opposite sex." 

Image via Flickr

Make the jump here to read the original and full article:

http://www.thenewcivilrightsmovement.com/davidbadash/new_study_proves_evolution_supports_same_sex_marriage

SAMSARA - Vidia Wesenlund - Byssan Lull, Koka Kittelen Full "Music Video HD 1080p"


Via Zac / FB:

Pay ye no heed to aversion and rejection, to disdain, hostility, injustice: act ye in the opposite way. Be ye sincerely kind, not in appearance only. Let each one of God’s loved ones centre his attention on this: to be the Lord’s mercy to man; to be the Lord’s grace. Let him do some good to every person whose path he crosseth, and be of some benefit to him. Let him improve the character of each and all, and reorient the minds of men. In this way, the light of divine guidance will shine forth, and the blessings of God will cradle all mankind: for love is light, no matter in what abode it dwelleth; and hate is darkness, no matter where it may make its nest. O friends of God! That the hidden Mystery may stand revealed, and the secret essence of all things may be disclosed, strive ye to banish that darkness for ever and ever.

  -'Abdu'l-Baha

The Flag of Equal Marriage

The Flag of Equal Marriage

Montana and South Carolina are the newest stars to light up on our flag. 

Flower of the Day: 11/25/14

“Trust is one of the main virtues that needs to be developed on the spiritual path. It is not possible to fabricate trust through the mind, just as it’s not possible to fabricate steadiness, loyalty, humility, forgiveness or gratitude. These virtues are the fruit of the tree of consciousness. If you do not have a tree yet, or your tree has not yet been able to bare fruit, don’t give up. Work towards amplifying your perception through self-observation and spiritual practice. This is how we expand our consciousness.”

Sri Prem Baba

Via Daily Dharma


Realizing Guiltlessness | November 25, 2014

From the Buddhist point of view we can understand that all the things we do to harm ourselves and others come from deep-rooted confusions and ignorance but that the mind is by its very nature pure and enlightened. When we feel a tremendous amount of guilt, we forget this view.

- Venerable Dzigar Kongtrul Rinpoche, "Realizing Guiltlessness"


Monday, November 24, 2014

Via JMG: Fischer is a Kidnapping Advocate




Reposted from Joe Jervis

Via JMG: The Legal Golden Ratio On Marriage


Via the New York Times:
The Constitution is not a math problem, but numbers can play a role in the Supreme Court’s calculations. When the court struck down bans on interracial marriage in 1967, such unions were still illegal in 16 states. When the court struck down laws making gay sex a crime in 2003, 13 states still had anti-sodomy measures. Should the court take up the question of same-sex marriage this term or next, as it seems likely to, the unions will be against the law in no more than 15 states. “The coincidence is hard to miss,” said Susan Sommer, a lawyer with Lambda Legal who has been litigating same-sex marriage cases for more than a decade. In a brief urging the Supreme Court to hear a same-sex marriage case from Ohio, lawyers for several couples recited the history and pushed the comparison. “The current landscape for marriage recognition for same-sex couples,” the brief said, “looks much the same as it did in 1967 for interracial couples and in 2003 for same-sex intimate partners.”
The above-linked article notes that it was largely state legislatures, not courts, that had whittled down the number of bans on interracial marriage by the time the Supreme Court acted.


Reposted from Joe Jervis

JMG HomoQuotable - Michael Sam


"If I had it my way, I never would have done it [come out] the way I did, never would have told it the way I did. I would have done the same thing I did at Mizzou. Which was to tell my team and my coaches and leave it at that. But since I did tell my team, word got out.  People think the word didn't get out. It did. Or it did and it didn't. They kept it confined within our family. But the recruiters knew, and reporters knew, and they talked to each other, and it got out. If I didn't have the year I did, nobody would have cared. But I did have that year. And a lot of people knew. Someone was gonna ask me, 'I heard you told your team a secret.…' Well, I was comfortable with who I was, and I wouldn't have denied it. And then I wouldn't have been able to control the story. But I have no regrets. Some people can argue that I had the potential to go higher in the draft. But I think everything happens for a reason. It looks good to see me in the position I'm in now, because I can show the world how good I am and rise up the ranks. I'm at the bottom now. I can rise up, show I'm a football player. Not anything else. Just a football player." 
 
- Michael Sam, speaking to GQ Magazine.


Reposted from Joe Jervis

Via JMG: OREGON: Ninth Circuit Court Denies NOM's Appeal For En Banc Rehearing


 
BOOM.


Reposted from Joe Jervis

Via Satipañña: 5 Ways for the Removal of Distracting Thought

Substitute: reflect on a different object, which is connected with skill… Like an experienced carpenter or carpenter’s apprentice, striking hard at, pushing out, and getting rid of a coarse peg with a fine one, should the bhikkhu in order to get rid of the adventitious object, reflect on a different object which is connected with skill.
 
Reflect: ponder on the disadvantages of unskilful thoughts thus: Truly these thoughts of mine are unskilful, blameworthy, and productive of misery.

Ignore: endeavour to be without attention and reflection as regards them.

Remove the cause: one should reflect on the removal of the source of thoseunskilful thoughts.

Suppress: If evil, unskilful thoughts continue to arise in spite of reflection on the removal of a source of unskilful thoughts, one should with clenched teeth and the tongue pressing on the palate, restrain, and subdue the (evil) mind by the (good) mind. (Suppression used as a last resort so one does not act out one’ s anger/hatred)

 http://satipanna.com/basics-of-buddhism/5-ways-for-the-removal-of-distracting-thought/

Via Satipañña: The Five Subjects for Daily Recollection

There are other recollections which one can make and which help one to understand the human condition. People tend to be in denial about decay, disease, and death while remaining greatly attached to sentient beings and insentient objects. Some people try also to neglect moral responsibility for their actions. The recollections below bring these subjects to light and make us face them squarely. 

Thus, the Buddha has said we should reflect daily upon these five recollections.
  1. I am of the nature to age.
    I have not gone beyond aging.
  2. I am of the nature to sicken.
    I have not gone beyond sickness.
  3. I am of the nature to die.
    I have not gone beyond dying.
  4. All that is mine, beloved and pleasing, will become otherwise, will become separated from me.
  5. I am the owner of my karma,
    Heir to my karma,
    Born of my karma,
    Related to my karma,
    Abide supported by my karma.
    Whatever karma I shall do, for good or for ill, of that I will be the heir.
http://satipanna.com/basics-of-buddhism/the-five-subjects-for-daily-recollection/

An Evangelical Changes His Mind On Gays

We’ve featured the work of Matthew Vines many times before, and want to highlight a speech given at a conference recently held by his organization, The Reformation Project. A keynote speaker, David Gushee, one of the foremost evangelical ethicists in the United States, used the occasion to announce his support for the full-inclusion of LGBT Christians in the Church. The above video of Gushee’s remarks is longer than we usually post, but it’s worth watching in full. (You can read a transcript of his remarks here.) For a sense of why this matters, Jonathan Merritt sketches Gushee’s place in the evangelical world:
It is difficult to overstate the potential impact of Gushee’s defection. His Christian ethics textbook, “Kingdom Ethics,” co-authored with the late Glen Stassen, is widely respected and was named a 2004 Christianity Today book of the year. He serves as theologian-in-residence for the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship, a coalition of 15 theological schools, 150 ministries, and 1,800 Baptist churches nationwide.
While other pro-LGBT Christian activists — including Justin Lee of the Gay Christian Network and Matthew Vines, author of “God and the Gay Christian” — have been dismissed in some circles as wet-behind-the-ears youngsters without formal theological training, Gushee, 52, is a scholar with impeccable credentials. He can add intellectual heft to what has largely been a youth-led movement, and is not someone who can be easily dismissed.
Gushee summarizes his approach to the issue this way:
Since the 1960s, when the gay rights movement began in America, Christians and their leaders have struggled to figure out how to respond to the growing tolerance of same-sex relationships. Most in Christianity have responded by offering endless debates over how to interpret that handful of biblical passages. Books erupted. Congregations fought. Denominations split. 
For me, the answer to this debate has become simple: There is a sexual-minority population of about 5 percent of the human family that has received contempt and discrimination for centuries. In Christendom, the sexual ethics based in those biblical passages metastasized into a hardened attitude against sexual- and gender-identity minorities, bristling with bullying and violence. This contempt is in the name of God, the most powerful kind there is in the world. I now believe that the traditional interpretation of the most cited passages is questionable and that all that parsing of Greek verbs has distracted attention from the primary moral obligation taught by Jesus — to love our neighbors as ourselves, especially our most vulnerable neighbors. I also now believe that while any progress toward more humane treatment of LGBT people is good progress, we need to reconsider the entire body of biblical interpretation and tradition related to this issue.
Put simply, it finally became clear to me that I must side with those who were being treated with contempt, just as I hope I would have sided with Jews in the Nazi era and with African Americans during the civil rights years.






Flower of the Day: 11/24/14

“I am working steadily so that you can identify the part of your personality that plays against you and sabotages all of your efforts towards self-realization. I call this aspect negative intentionality. This is your ‘no’ to life, to love, to prosperity and pleasure. If there is constant anguish and negative repetitions happening in your life, identify the voice within you that says, ‘I don’t want everything to work out. I want to be weak; I want to be rejected and humiliated.’ While this may seem absurd, I invite you to put into practice this teaching and discover for yourself what I am saying.”

Sri Prem Baba

Via Daily Dharma


Developing a Healthy Body Image | November 24, 2014

Because the modern obsession with impossibly perfect body images has taught so many people to hate their bodies to a pathological degree, we’ve come to identify all positive body images as psychologically healthy, and all negative body images as psychologically sick. . .  From the Buddha’s perspective, though, this attitude is radically deluded.


- Thanissaro Bhikkhu, "Under Your Skin"


Sunday, November 23, 2014

Via Friend of Dorothy Book / FB:


Via Join the Coffee Party Movement / FB:


Flower of the Day: 11/23/14

“The unveiling of love is a phenomenon that occurs on the level of the soul. It is the revelation of the Being. This unveiling of love is only possible when we remove the layers that cover up our hearts. Along the journey, we became attached to these layers, and life’s challenges are here to help us break with these attachments. As we continue revealing ourselves, we find that these resistances are made of attachments to what is transitory: our ideas and beliefs. These are tests that love uses to examine our faith and commitment to the truth. Only when this commitment is truly firm can we reach the sacred dwelling place.”

Sri Prem Baba

Saturday, November 22, 2014

Flower of the Day: 11/22/14

“I see this planet as a school of love. When I see a cup of water filled halfway, I see a cup half full – never half empty. I recognize the difficulties of this planet, but my focus remains on the possibility of the human being’s evolution. I have an unbreakable faith in love, because it is the universal solvent for all evil. Through love, we are able to liberate ourselves from all the difficulties that have been placed in our paths. In this way, we enter the frequency that allows us to see this planet from the perspective of light.”
Sri Prem Baba

Via Daily Dharma


May I Be Worthy | November 22, 2014

May I be worthy of this meal, I whispered.
The afternoon light was coming through the window.
The universe did a little waltz.
ONE two three. ONE two three.
I let go.


- Bobby Byrd, "Kensho Down on Texas Avenue, El Paso, Texas"



Friday, November 21, 2014

Flower of the Day: 11/21/14

“Everyone wants to live with joy and satisfaction, peace, prosperity and love. And yet, we have not been taught how to do so. When you place your gifts and talents in motion, you put yourself in the universal current of prosperity, so love and peace pass through you to reach the other. Every human being has their own unique gifts and talents to share with the world, but it is important to comprehend that these talents should be put at service of the greater good. This higher purpose is to create the conditions for human beings to experience unity. Peace, prosperity and joy are fragrances of this experience, which is synonymous with selfless love.”

Sri Prem Baba

Via Daily Dharma


No Goal | November 21, 2014

Just as a clay Buddha cannot go through water and a wood Buddha cannot go through fire, a goal-oriented healing practice cannot permeate deeply enough. We must penetrate our pain so thoroughly that illness and health lose their distinction, allowing us just to live our lives.

- Darlene Cohen, "The Practice of Nonpreference"


Thursday, November 20, 2014

Via JMG: Montana Joins The Sapphire States



 
Big Sky Country has already turned our favorite shade of blue, thanks to our sort of in-house Wikipedia marriage map monitor. Now we wait for the usual GOP flailing. Is this state #34 or can we not yet fully count Kansas?


Reposted from Joe Jervis

JMG Tweet Of The Day - Ellen DeGeneres



 
Ellen has 34 million Twitter followers.
Reposted from Joe Jervis

Taylor Swift - Out of the Woods (Official Music Video) by Bryan Hawn


Flower of the Day: 11/20/14

“If you have already given five minutes of your day to silence, then maybe it is time to give ten minutes. At the end of each silent period before you open your eyes, affirm to yourself, I am divine light. Observe what you feel when you make this affirmation – do you truly recognize yourself as an embodiment of divine light, or is there still some resistance to affirming this truth? Then, open your eyes, stand up and continue with your journey.”

Sri Prem Baba

Via Daily Dharma


The Role of Faith | November 20, 2014

As a factor of the Buddhist path, faith (saddha) does not mean blind belief but a willingness to accept on trust certain propositions that we cannot, at our present stage of development, personally verify for ourselves.


- Bhikkhu Bodhi, "The Role of Faith"


Wednesday, November 19, 2014

Tim Hawkins - Atheist Kids' Songs


Bearforce 1 - Action Man. Eurovision Switzerland 2015


Via JMG: Former "Ex-Gay" Leader Marries Man


John Smid, former leader of the "ex-gay" group Love In Action, married a man in Oklahoma on Sunday. Via the Memphis Flyer:
Smid has been living as an out gay man for several years now, and he's been in a relationship with [Larry] McQueen for one year. Gay marriage just became legal in Oklahoma last month. The couple live in Paris, Texas, where Smid moved from his Memphis home in the summer of 2013. Smid's journey from ex-gay leader to happily out gay man has been a long one. He was promoted to the role of executive director of Love in Action in September 1990, and in 1994, the organization moved its ministry to Memphis. Love in Action operated here quietly until 2005, when protests over a youth "straight" camp called Refuge sparked a national media firestorm. Smid met McQueen three years ago, but they were just "acquaintances with common friends," wrote Smid in his Facebook announcement of their marriage Sunday. "I gradually got to know him over time until we reached a place in our lives that we saw we wanted to get to know one another through a dating relationship. As we dated we shared our vision for life, our personal philosophies, and our faith values. We found a compatibility that was comfortable and exciting," Smid said.
In August of this year Smid and eight other former "ex-gay" leaders issued a joint letter denouncing "reparative" torture. Love In Action now operates as Restoration Path. (Tipped by JMG reader Lynda)


Reposted from Joe Jervis

Via JMG: South Carolina Earns Stripes Of Progress


 
Yesterday the Fourth Circuit Court refused South Carolina Attorney General Alan Wilson's demand to continue the stay on same-sex marriages during his appeal. Almost simultaneously, a separate federal court ruled that South Carolina must recognize out-of-state marriages, prompting Wikipedia's marriage map monitor to apply the above blue stripes of progress. Late last night Wilson took his stay extension demand to SCOTUS. Barring action from that court, marriages will commence at noon tomorrow.
 
Reposted from Joe Jervis

Via JMG: Procter & Gamble Endorses Gay Marriage


Consumer goods behemoth Procter & Gamble has endorsed marriage equality.
P&G executives say they want to attract top talent from all backgrounds and part of that strategy is providing a welcoming work environment. "We have always supported our employees and fostered a culture of inclusion and respect – this includes the right to marry whomever they choose and to have that union legally recognized," said Deborah P. Majoras, P&G's chief legal officer and executive sponsor to GABLE – the company's gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender-allied employee group.

One of the world's largest and most valuable companies, P&G's public stance won't go unnoticed in corporate America. Still, the company says it continues to focus on making consumer products from Pampers diapers, Tide detergent and Head & Shoulders shampoo. "At the heart of it all, P&G is a company heavily dependent on innovation – what's critical are new insights and new ideas," said William Gipson, P&G's chief global diversity officer. "For our company, it's not a political statement, but a statement of support for our employees."
That boycott list just got a few hundred brands longer.


Reposted from Joe Jervis

Flower of the Day: 11/19/14

“If you are able to cultivate five minutes of silence in your day, you will have won a great victory over the material world. Matter, which includes your body and mind, has to be at service of the spirit. All of the misery that we see and experience in the world comes from spirit serving matter instead. The mind has become the ruler of the house, when really it's only a vehicle, a place of pilgrimage. The higher self can pass through the mind, but so can the lower self, which manifests through the form of destructive thoughts, causing you to believe that you are isolated and inferior or superior to others. These voices act through your mind creating dark clouds that prevent you from seeing the wind that dances in the leaves. They inhibit you from understanding that all is one. We are connected by an invisible thread that unites everything and everyone.”

Sri Prem Baba

Via Dialy Dharma


Foundation, Practice, Fulfillment | November 19, 2014

Starting with this most simple of expressions—When this is, that is—[Thich Nhat Hanh] explicated dependent origination as a vision of radical interdependence, or what he called “interbeing,” in which all beings support and are in turn supported by all other beings. This elaboration . . . encompassed the foundation, the practice, and the fulfillment of spiritual life.


- Andrew Cooper, "The Debacle"


Tuesday, November 18, 2014

Flower of the Day: 11/18/14

“Cultivating silence for just five minutes a day is enough. Divide these five minutes into periods of one minute each to be practiced before your main activities of the day. When the mind is going in all directions, simply withdraw for one minute and make yourself completely present. Let go of all your worries, expectations, desires, and thoughts. Feel yourself occupying your body and focus on the emptiness between your thoughts. You can prepare the field for this minute of silence through soft, deep breaths through the nostrils. This is a magical one minute because your mind may be wherever it is, but in this moment it returns to presence.”

Sri Prem Baba

Via Daily Dharma


The Great Heart Way | November 18, 2014

If we learn to keep our mind quiet through meditation, to just stay present with our feelings, to connect with our heart, to let go of the story lines, and to directly feel all the unpleasant sensations associated with our emotional hurts, then the heart will open and we can approach each situation from a wider perspective.


- Gerry Shishin Wick, Roshi, "The Great Heart Way"


Monday, November 17, 2014

All God's Children - Alyce


Via JMG: Michael Sam Is A GQ Man Of The Year


 
Via the Washington Post:
This fall, GQ magazine found room for an athlete on its annual list of celebrities who have left a mark on pop culture. This isn’t any athlete, though. It’s Michael Sam, the first openly gay player taken in the NFL draft last spring. Sam joins “Guardians of the Galaxy” star Chris Pratt, comedian Dave Chappelle, actors Ansel Elgort and Shailene Woodley of “The Fault in Our Stars” and “Foxcatcher” star Steve Carell. The magazine revealed all six covers Monday, with a story on each honoree being rolled out daily this week. Sam was drafted by St. Louis Rams and he quickly crossed from a sports story into a cultural one when he kissed his partner in celebration.
Sam was cut by the Dallas Cowboys last month and remains unsigned.


Reposted from  Joe Jervis

Via Nobel Women's Initiative / FB:


Via Walking the Red Road / FB:


Flower of the Day: 11/17/14

“We need to understand the designs of karma, ceasing to fight with the situations life brings us, which is karma itself. Since we haven’t yet taken in this point, we lose a lot of time fighting and wanting things to be different. It is merely a question of understanding why God has placed us in a particular place. Suffering occurs when we refuse to understand this and go on believing that God is our enemy. God is our best friend: the universe is conspiring in favor of the evolution of consciousness.”

Sri Prem Baba

Via Daily Dharma


Apply Yourself | November 17, 2014

If you separate from . . . everything you have done in the past, everything that disturbs you about the future . . . and apply yourself to living the life that you are living—that is to say, the present—you can live all the time that remains to you until your death in calm, benevolence, and serenity.

- Marcus Aurelius, "The Present Moment"


Sunday, November 16, 2014

Via Budistas Gays / FB:


Translation: Lack of understanding, generates prejudice which generates violence"

Via Bernie Sanders / FB:


Flower of the Day: 11/16/14

“There comes a moment when we perceive the senselessness of insisting on a certain negative situation: we see the stupidity of jealousy or envy, of rejecting others or being rejected, of feeling powerless, and so forth. Still, we want to continue dreaming in this sweet sleep, identified as we are with negatively oriented pleasure. Life will continue to give us wake up calls until we decisively choose to get out of this state. By looking at this aspect consciously, it is possible to renounce this behavior, enabling us to exchange a negative habit for a positive one.”

Sri Prem Baba

Via Dialy Dharma


Spiritual Friendship | November 16, 2014

It is important to have strong spiritual friendships—not spiritual in the rarefied sense, but in a really down-to-earth way, to have good friends in the dharma with whom you can talk things over, share experiences, share difficulties and whose spiritual support you're assured of.

- Sangharakshita, "Going for Refuge"


Saturday, November 15, 2014

Via JMG: Missouri Changes Its Stripes



Wikipedia's marriage map monitor, who decloaked this week as a JMG reader, has made a change to reflect the complicated situation in Missouri.


Reposted from  Joe Jervis

Flower of the Day: 11/15/14

“The process of transformation includes going beyond the shame of admitting our imperfections and even our negatively oriented pleasure. In other words, it involves being able to see how much we are insisting on a negative repetition only to get some pleasure out of it. Once we see this, we begin a deep process of transforming the personality’s structure, which is not so easy. Some people may feel like they’re walking backwards, but really it's that they are now starting to become aware of the games of the lower self. Beforehand, they weren’t visible since we were numb. We begin to see that the other is not responsible for our suffering, because he or she cannot hurt us without our permission.”

Sri Prem Baba

Via Daily Dharma


What Was Mindfulness? | November 15, 2014

When the studies on mindfulness started rolling in a few years ago, it was good news for those of us who had been practicing Buddhist meditation for years. . . . But in the midst of all this there was a question few of us ever thought to ask: What was mindfulness for? Did it stand for anything? Did it have any ethical content? Did it produce compassionate people—or compliant people?


- Clark Strand, "What Was Mindfulness?"


O que é uma Sangha?


Sangha Virtual
 Estudos Budistas
Tradição do Ven. Thich Nhat Hanh


O que é uma Sangha?

Uma Sangha é uma comunidade de amigos praticando o Dharma juntos de forma a fazer acontecer e manter a consciência. A essência da Sangha é consciência, entendimento, aceitação, harmonia e amor. Quando você não vê isto em uma comunidade, não é uma verdadeira Sangha e você deveria ter a coragem de dizer. Mas quando você encontra esses elementos presentes em uma comunidade, sabe que tem a felicidade e a sorte de estar em uma Sangha real.

No evangelho de Mateus, achamos a seguinte frase: “Vocês são o sal da terra; mas se o sal se tornar insípido, com que se há de restaurar-lhe o sabor? Para nada mais presta, senão para ser lançado fora, e ser pisado pelos homens.” Nesta passagem Jesus descreve seus seguidores como sal. Comida precisa de sal de forma a ficar saborosa. Vida precisa de entendimento, compaixão e harmonia de forma a ser possível de ser vivida. Esta é a contribuição mais importante para a vida que os seguidores de Jesus podem trazer ao mundo. Significa que o Reino dos Céus tem que ser percebido aqui, não em nenhum outro lugar, e que os cristãos precisam praticar de forma que possam ser o sal da vida e uma verdadeira comunidade de cristãos.

Sal é também uma importante imagem no cânone budista e este ensinamento cristão é equivalente ao ensinamento do Buda sobre Sangha. O Buda disse que a água nos quatro oceanos tem um só sabor, o sabor do sal, assim como seus ensinamentos tem apenas um sabor, o sabor da liberação. Portanto os elementos da Sangha são o sabor da vida, o sabor da liberação e temos que praticar de forma a nos tornarmos sal. Quando dizemos, “Eu tomo refúgio na Sangha” não é uma declaração, é uma prática.

Nas escrituras budistas é dito que há quatro comunidades: monges, monjas, homens leigos e mulheres leigas. Mas eu também incluo elementos que não são humanos na Sangha. As árvores, água, ar, pássaros e assim por diante, podem todos ser membros da Sangha. Uma boa almofada também pode. Podemos transformar muitas coisas em elementos de apoio da Sangha. Esta idéia não é inteiramente nova, pode ser achada através dos sutras e no Abbidharma também. Uma pedrinha, uma folha e uma dália são mencionados no Sadharmapundarika Sutra. É dito no Sutra da Terra Pura que se você for plenamente consciente, então quando o vento ventar pelas árvores, você ouvirá os ensinamentos dos Quatro Estabelecimentos de Atenção Plena, o Nobre Caminho Óctuplo e assim por diante. O cosmos inteiro está rezando o Dharma do Buda e o praticando. Se você for atento, entrará em contato com esta Sangha.

Eu não acho que o Buda queria que abandonássemos nossa sociedade, nossa cultura ou nossas raízes de forma a praticar. A prática do budismo deveria ajudar as pessoas a voltar para suas famílias. Deveria ajudar as pessoas e se reintegrar na sociedade de forma a redescobrir e aceitar as boas coisas que existem na nossa cultura e para reconstruir aquelas que não estão.

Nossa sociedade moderna cria muitos jovens sem raízes. Eles estão desenraizados de suas famílias e da sua sociedade. Eles vagam, não completamente como seres humanos, porque não tem raízes. Um bom número deles vêm de famílias desestruturadas e se sentem rejeitados pela sociedade. Eles vivem à margem, procurando por um lar, por algo a que possam pertencer. Eles são como árvores sem raízes. Para essas pessoas é difícil praticar. Uma árvore sem raízes não pode absorver nada, não pode sobreviver. Mesmo se eles praticarem intensamente por dez anos, será difícil para eles serem transformado se permanecerem como uma ilha, se não puderem estabelecer uma ligação com outras pessoas.

Uma comunidade de prática, uma Sangha, pode proporcionar uma segunda chance para um jovem que vem de uma família desestruturada ou é alienado da sua sociedade. Se a comunidade de prática é organizada como uma família, com uma atmosfera amigável e morna, os jovens poderão ter sucesso na prática.

Sofrimento (dukka) é um dos maiores problemas do nosso tempo. Primeiramente temos que reconhecê-lo e notá-lo, Então precisamos olhar profundamente para a sua natureza de forma a encontrarmos uma saída. Se olharmos para a situação presente em nós mesmos e na nossa sociedade, poderemos ver muito sofrimento. Precisamos chamá-lo por seus verdadeiros nomes: solidão, sentimento de ser cortado, alienação, divisão, desintegração da família, desintegração da sociedade. Nossa civilização, nossa cultura foi caracterizada pelo individualismo. O indivíduo quer ser livre da sociedade, da família. O indivíduo não pensa que tem que tomar refúgio na família, na sociedade e pensa que pode ser feliz sem uma Sangha. É por isso que não temos solidez, não temos harmonia, não temos a comunicação que precisamos tanto.

A prática é, portanto, fazer crescer algumas raízes. A Sangha não é um lugar para se esconder de forma a se evitar responsabilidades. A Sangha é um lugar para praticar, para a transformação e a cura do ego e da sociedade. Quando você é forte, pode estar presente de forma a ajudar a sociedade. Se sua sociedade está em confusão, sua família está desestruturada, se sua igreja não é capaz de te prever vida espiritual, então você trabalha para tomar refúgio na Sangha de forma que possa restabelecer sua força, seu entendimento, sua compaixão, sua confiança. Então você poderá usar sua força, entendimento e compaixão de volta para reconstruir sua família e sociedade, para renovar sua igreja, para restabelecer comunicação e harmonia. Isto pode ser apenas feito como comunidade – não como indivíduos, mas como uma Sangha.

De forma a conseguirmos desenvolver algumas raízes, precisamos de um tipo de ambiente que nos ajude a nos tornar enraizados. Uma Sangha não é uma comunidade de prática onde cada pessoa é uma ilha, incapaz de comunicar com os outros. Isto não é uma Sangha verdadeira. Nenhuma cura ou transformação resultará de tal Sangha. Uma verdadeira Sangha deveria ser como uma família na qual há um espírito de irmandade.

Há muito sofrimento, sim, e temos que abraçar esse sofrimento. Mas para ficarmos fortes, também precisamos tocar os elementos positivos e quando formos fortes, poderemos abraçar o sofrimento em nós e ao nosso redor. Se virmos um grupo de pessoas vivendo em plena consciência, capazes de sorrir, de amar, ganhamos confiança no nosso futuro. Quando praticamos respiração consciente, sorrindo, descansando, andando ou trabalhando, nos tornamos um elemento positivo na sociedade e inspiraremos confiança em todos ao nosso redor. Este é o caminho para evitar deixar o desespero nos derrotar. É também o caminho para ajudar as gerações jovens de forma que eles não percam a esperança. É muito importante que vivamos nossa vida diária de tal modo que demonstremos que um futuro seja possível.

Na minha tradição aprendemos que indivíduos não podem fazer muito. É por isso que tomar refúgio na Sangha, tomar refúgio na comunidade é uma prática muito forte e importante. Quando eu digo: “Eu tomo refúgio na Sangha”, não significa que eu quero expressar minha devoção. Não. Não é uma questão de devoção, é uma questão de prática. Sem estar em uma Sangha, sem ser apoiado por um grupo de amigos que estão motivados pelo mesmo ideal e prática, não podemos ir longe.

Se não temos uma Sangha que nos dê suporte, podemos não estar obtendo o tipo de apoio que precisamos para nossa prática, que precisamos para nutrir nossa bodhicitta (o desejo forte de cultivar amor e entendimento em nós mesmos). Às vezes chamamos isso, “mente principiante”. A mente de um principiante é sempre muito bonita, muito forte. Em uma Sangha boa e saudável há encorajamento para a mente do principiante, para nossa bodhicitta. Portanto a Sangha é o solo e somos a semente. Não importa o quanto seja bonita e vigorosa nossa semente, se o solo não nos provê vitalidade, nossa semente morrerá.

Um dos irmãos de Plum Village, Irmão Phap Dung, foi ao Vietnã alguns anos atrás com alguns membros da Sangha. Foi uma experiência muito importante para ele. Ele está no Ocidente desde que era pequeno. Quando ele foi ao norte do Vietnã, pode entrar em contato com alguns dos elementos mais antigos da cultura vietnamita e com as montanhas e rios do norte do Vietnã. Ele me escreveu e disse: “Nossa terra do Vietnã é tão bonita, bonita como um sonho. Eu não ouso dar passos pesados nessa terra do Vietnã”. Ele quis dizer que tinha a atenção plena correta quando andou. Sua plena atenção correta foi devido à prática e ao apoio que ele teve na Sangha antes de ir ao Vietnã. Esta é a mente de principiante, a mente que você tem no início quando se compromete com a prática. É muito bonito e precioso, mas a mente principiante pode ser quebrada, destruída, perdida se não for nutrida ou apoiada por uma Sangha.

Embora ele tivesse sua pequena Sangha perto dele no Vietnã, o ambiente era de muita distração, e ele viu que se ficasse muito tempo longe de uma Sangha maior, ele seria levado pelo ambiente, pelo esquecimento – não apenas seu próprio esquecimento, mas o esquecimento de todos ao seu redor. Isto porque a atenção plena correta para alguém que apenas começou na prática é ainda fraca e o esquecimento das pessoas ao nosso redor é muito grande e capaz de nos arrastar na direção dos cinco desejos. Como a maioria das pessoas ao nosso redor é levada pelos cinco desejos, é este ambiente que nos arrasta e nos impede de praticar a atenção plena correta.

Para praticar a atenção plena correta precisamos de uma ambiente correto, e este é a nossa Sangha. Sem uma Sangha, somos fracos. Em uma sociedade onde todos estão correndo, todos estão sendo levados pelas suas energias de hábito, a prática é muito difícil. É por isso que a Sangha é a nossa salvação. Uma Sangha onde todos estão praticando a caminhada atenta, fala atenciosa, alimentação consciente parece ser a única chance para termos sucesso para terminar o círculo vicioso.

E o que é a Sangha? A Sangha é uma comunidade de pessoas que concordam que se não praticarmos a atenção plena correta, perderemos todas as coisas bonitas na nossa alma e ao nosso redor. As pessoas na Sangha perto de nós, praticam conosco, nos apoiando de forma que não sejamos puxados para fora do momento presente. Seja quando for que nos encontremos em uma situação difícil, dois ou três amigos na Sangha estão lá para nós, entendendo e nos ajudando e nos farão superar tudo. Mesmo na nossa prática silenciosa, ajudamos uns aos outros.

Na minha tradição dizemos que quando um tigre deixa a montanha e vai ao vale, será capturado por humanos e morto. Quando um praticante deixa sua Sangha, abandona sua prática depois de alguns meses. De forma a continuar nossa prática de transformação e cura, precisamos de uma Sangha. Com uma Sangha, é muito mais fácil praticar, e é por isso que eu sempre tomo refúgio na minha Sangha.

(Traduzido do livro “Friends on the path” – Thich Nhat Hanh)
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